Elo Rating
The numerical rating system used to estimate the relative playing strength of chess players based on their game results.
A player's Elo rating rises after wins and falls after losses, with the size of the change depending on the rating difference between the players and the expected result before the game.
Etymology
The rating system is named for its inventor, Arpad Emmerich Elo, born Elo Arpad Imre on 25 August 1903 and died on 5 November 1992, a Hungarian-American physics professor at Marquette University and a strong amateur player. His statistical system replaced the earlier Harkness system introduced by Kenneth Harkness for the United States Chess Federation in 1950. The USCF approved Elo's system at its 1960 meeting in St Louis, and FIDE adopted it internationally in 1970, after which it spread far beyond chess. Because Elo is a surname, the name is correctly written Elo, not ELO: it is not an acronym.
First documented: 1960 (USCF adoption); 1970 (FIDE adoption) — USCF approval at St Louis, 1960; FIDE adoption 1970, per Wikipedia, Arpad Elo and Elo rating system
Translations
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